Disclaimer: Pawmometer provides general, informational estimates only and does not constitute veterinary advice. Surface temperature estimates are derived from published research and publicly available weather data; actual temperatures may vary based on local conditions, surface color, shade, humidity, and other factors. This tool assumes a healthy adult dog with normal paw pad sensitivity. Dogs with pre-existing paw injuries, skin conditions, thin or worn pads, advanced age, or other health conditions may be significantly more sensitive to heat than the thresholds shown. Always perform the 7-second hand test before allowing your dog to walk on any surface, and consult a licensed veterinarian with any concerns about your dog's health. Canina and Pawmometer accept no liability for injury or harm arising from reliance on these estimates.